The Roots of Human Nature Essay -- Human Nature Humanity Civilization

The Roots of Human Nature The roots of human nature are sunk deep into our history and experiences. When in our own lives we are to find the basis of our human nature, we must look to our early years, the formative years. Now take for example if we placed a newborn in the wild or in a high-class, well-mannered, wealthy family. The human nature of the newborn in the wild will be exactly that, wild and chaotic. While on the other hand the newborn in the well-mannered society will be well mannered and moralistic. Human nature is defined by the values that are taught and the values that society defines, if there are no societal values, human nature is doomed and lessened to that of wolves. Society defines the values and morals for its people to live by, common values. These values affect human nature and affect the way an even slightly self-conscious person behaves. An example of one of these societal values is table manners. Society has defined over hundreds of years of history to eat accompanied by utensils. So ciety also has set the value and that eating with your bare hands is â€Å"un-civilized.† Another example of a moralistic standard is not to steal. This value is taught by our parents and members of the society, the human society. So human nature has a conscience because of social morals and values. The formation and situation of human nature is dependent on these â€Å"guidelines.† Some people’s human nature may be to steal, maybe to survive but most humans have this as a wrong...

Essay --

Spinal Muscular Atrophy, also known as â€Å"SMA† is a genetic and also a motor neuron disease that affects the area of the nervous system that controls your voluntary muscle movements such as walking, crawling, and swallowing. When someone acquires this condition their muscles start to shrink as a cause to the muscles not receiving signals from the nerve cells in the spine that control function. Spinal Muscular Atrophy is a rare but serious condition. Spinal Muscular Atrophy affects about 8 out of every 100,000 live births and also causes death among more babies than any other genetic disease out there. About one in every forty people has this gene in them but may not have SMA so they are a genetic carrier. But in order for a child to have SMA, both parents have to carry the mutated gene and passed it to the child. Therefore this causes the child to have double copies of the abnormal gene. About 1 in 40 men and 1 in 80 women are carriers of the gene. Survival Motor Neurons are a protein that is produced by the survival motor neuron gene 1. The SMN protein is found all over the body, especially containing high levels in the spinal cord. This protein is important for maintaining specialized nerve cells called motor neurons that are located in the spinal cord and brainstem. When a person have An abnormal or missing SMN1 it causes serious problems due to the fact it isn’t receiving the proper communication from these cells resulting in nerve cells shrinking and over time dying. SMA is broken down into having four types. In order to determine the type you have is based on the physical achievement because each person is different. SMA is not a progressive disease, although over time people with this lose ability to coordinate due ... ...can see if this condition runs in the family. A physical examination is a good way to tell is there is any type of muscle weakness or spinal curvature. Treatment for Spinal Muscular Atrophy is currently unavailable to correct this condition. But a person can take other steps to try to help comfort the situation they are in but there is no stopping it. Physical therapy is important because it can help work the muscle to prevent contraction of them. Breathing machines are an important to have because a lot of trouble falls under the breathing when the weakness of these muscles occurs. In conclusion there are a lot of conditions to be aware of that people don’t really think of. It is important to take precautions and pay attention to symptoms and conditions are body shows us. And get educated about different disease out there to protect our families and ourselves.

Life on the planet Essay

Water is a vital element for the survival of life on the planet. In human beings, water comprises fifty to seventy percent of an adult’s body weight. In humans the abstinence from water results in death in a few days. Water is lost from the human body loses due to urination, sweating and respiration. The body’s water content has to be maintained by regular intake of water and people who fail to consume sufficient water become dehydrated. They develop headaches, tiredness and loss of concentration. Persistent dehydration results in serious health problems such as constipation and gall bladder stones (Hicks, 2005). The human body gets water from water in the pure form and beverages, solid foods such as fruits and vegetables and through the chemical processes in the body. According to the British Dietetic Association, an average adult must consume at least two and half liters of water per day. Of this, nearly two liters should be through beverages. During summer the intake of water has to be increased. Physical activities also require the consumption of more water. It is the major ingredient of all juices and carbonated drinks contain sixty five percent, diluted squashes eighty six percent and fruit juices ninety percent water. However, drinking plain water is the most effective means of compensating for depleted body fluids (Hicks, 2005). Water is the chief element of human body and its essential nutrient. In fact, a human being can survive without food for a considerable period of time but cannot survive for more than a week without water. Water is essential for breathing as it bedews oxygen and supplies it to every cell in the body. Water makes the skin more shiny and supple. It controls the body temperature and discards toxins and other waste material from the body. It distributes important nutrients throughout the body and helps in removing waste materials from the kidneys and the large intestine. The digestive mechanism is enhanced by water and it is essential for the development and maintenance of good muscle tone. It protects and cushions vital organs and acts like a lubricant for the joints by contributing to the special fluids which protect bones from friction and erosion. Water increases the activity of the brain and improves mental quickness in reflex responses (Dr. Susan Kleiner Ph. D. ). Water is a vital nutrient which contributes to every function of the body. It acts as a vehicle in transporting essential nutrients to the cells and waste material out of them. Water is necessary for the functions of digestion, absorption, circulation and excretion and for the absorption of water – soluble vitamins. It is essential for regulating the body temperature (Functions of Water in the Human Body). The water in saliva allows foods to slide smoothly down the esophagus and the watery fluids dissolve enzymes, hormones and coenzymes. Water acts as a solvent for waste materials like urea, carbon dioxide and other electrolytes in the body. It plays a major role in Hydrolysis in which water molecules divide into hydrogen H+ and hydroxyl OH- ions. This chemical process forms the basis for the reaction of substances in the human body. For instance, sucrose is hydrolyzed into fructose and glucose. Moreover, water serves as a catalyst in intercellular reactions and maintains the electrolyte balance in the body (Water in the Body). Insufficient water results in dehydration, formation of kidney stones and particularly in women, urinary tract infections. Its scarcity affects physical and mental performance and the function of the salivary glands. Dehydration causes kidney function disorders, harmful changes in hormonal levels, chronic illness and limited mobility (Dehydration). Electrolytes are obtained from food and are absorbed in the intestines. The kidneys maintain the required electrolyte levels in the body. These electrolyte levels are affected by diseases and dehydration. Potassium, the chief cation in the intracellular fluid, plays an important role in activating enzymes and processing and retaining carbohydrates. It acts as medium for transmitting nerve impulses to the heart and skeletal muscles. Its deficiency leads to major health problems. Its depletion is caused by the use of diuretics like thiazides that are used in the treatment of hypertension and heart ailments, excessive perspiration, repeated enemas, trauma, diabetes, diseases of the intestinal tract and disease of the kidney due to the use of tetracycline and excessive intake of licorice. The loss of potassium causes weak pulse, faint heart sounds, low blood pressure and fatigue. Loss of large amounts of potassium results in death (Hecht, 1986). Magnesium is another electrolyte that is present in the intracellular fluid. It helps in muscle contraction, nerve transmission and acts as catalyst for enzymes. Deficiency of magnesium results from an improper diet, diarrhea, steatorrhea, alcoholism, diabetes, pancreatitis, damage of kidneys and diuretics. Functional disorder of kidneys raises the magnesium levels of the body and persons with kidney ailments have to avoid laxatives and antacids, which contain magnesium. This is due to the fact that excessive levels of magnesium lead to depressed reflexes, paralysis of muscles and decreased respiration (Hecht, 1986). Sodium is another important cation in the extracellular fluids, whose main function is to maintain the body’s fluid balances. Low sodium body levels result from dehydration, sweating, the use of diuretics and diarrhea, which result in muscular weakness, anxiety and convulsions. Inadequate water intake and malfunction of the kidneys increases the sodium concentration. Depletion of sodium levels in the body result in dry mucous membranes, flushed skin, rise in body temperature, dry eyes and un – sated thirst (Hecht, 1986). Chloride is the major anion of the extracellular fluid. It is important for muscle contraction, balancing the fluid levels in the cells and maintaining the acid – base balance of extracellular fluid. In order to prevent the accumulation of bicarbonate, there should be a sufficient supply of chloride ions (Hecht, 1986). Calcium is present in the extracellular fluid and is important for nerve impulse transmission, contraction of muscles and the clotting of blood. It mainly exists in the body in the non – ionized state in the bones and the teeth. Pancreatitis, chronic kidney disorders and the surgical removal of the parathyroid tissue decrease the ionized calcium levels. Insufficient calcium levels cause abdominal and muscle cramps, tingling of the finger tips, numbness and overactive reflexes. Excessive calcium levels in the body cause a significant loss of appetite, nausea, weight loss, kidney stones and body pains (Hecht, 1986). Alcohol induces water loss by suppressing the production of the anti – diuretic hormone vasopressin, which works on kidneys to concentrate urine by increasing the reabsorption of water and electrolytes into the body. Suppression of this hormone results in the increased loss of body fluid through urination leading to dehydration. Alcohol – induced loss of water also results in the loss of magnesium, potassium, calcium and zinc, which are essential for maintaining the fluid balance of the body and muscular activity. Researchers in the UK studied the effect of alcohol on hydration and electrolyte balance after exercise – induced dehydration. They found that the volume of urine produced in the consequent six hours of rehydration had increased on par with the intake of alcohol. However, the rate of increase of the blood plasma during rehydration was considerably slower (Hamilton). Coffee and tea are rich in caffeine or trimethyl xanthine. Caffeine stimulates the central nervous system. It blocks the binding of adenosine with the nerve cells, which enhances nerve activity and leads to the release of epinephrine. It also increases the release of the neurotransmitter dopamine. The ergogenic properties of caffeine promote lesser muscle activity by reducing glycogen thereby allowing more calcium into muscle cells, which would enhance the power of muscle activity. Caffeine is a diuretic and in higher doses results in heavy water loss through urination. It also increases the blood flow to the kidneys and reduces the reabsorption of sodium by the body (Hamilton). Dehydration is prevented by drinking eight glasses of water per day and abstaining from caffeinated drinks and alcoholic beverages. The common cause of dehydration is due to the loss of fluids from body as a result of gastrointestinal ailments, diarrhea and vomiting. In order to compensate for the lost fluids large amounts of water and fruit juices have to be consumed. Wearing loose fitting clothes keeps the body cool and prevents sweating. Those who participate in sports, have to drink water and fruit juices at regular intervals. Moreover, people should avoid the consumption of coffee, tea and other caffeinated beverages, because they act like diuretics (Gavin, 2006). In the absence of adequate hydration, true health remains a chimera. The minimum daily intake of water has been stated to be half as many ounces as there are pounds in one’s body weight. The reason for this is that in order to function properly and optimally, every organ in the body requires water to a major extent. A human being’s body consists mostly of water and in its absence life is not possible. References Dehydration. (n. d. ). Retrieved June 30, 2007, from http://www. betterhealth. vic. gov. au/bhcv2/bhcarticles. nsf/pages/Water_a_vital_nutrient? open Dr. Susan Kleiner Ph. D. , R. (n. d. ). Health & Hydration . Retrieved June 30, 2007, from http://www. calistogawater. com/health/ Functions of Water in the Human Body. (n. d. ). Retrieved June 30, 2007, from http://www. resultsproject. net/water_functions. html Gavin, M. L. (2006, January). Dehydration. Retrieved June 30, 2007, from http://www. kidshealth. org/teen/safety/first_aid/dehydration. html Hamilton, A. (n. d. ). Caffeine dehydration : Caffeine and alcohol – just how dehydrating are they? Retrieved June 30, 2007, from http://www. pponline. co. uk/encyc/caffeine-dehydration. htm Hecht, A. (1986, January 1). ELECTROLYTES. Retrieved June 30, 2007, from Electrolytes; the charge in the body’s power system. : http://www. encyclopedia. com/doc/1G1-4293240. html Hicks, R. (2005, September). Why do we need water? Retrieved June 30, 2007, from bbc. co. uk: http://www. bbc. co. uk/health/healthy_living/nutrition/drinks_water. shtml Water in the Body. (n. d. ). Retrieved June 30, 2007, from http://www. dehlgroup. com/wbody. html

An Informal Letter

Lot 6579, Gong Kepas Dalam Village, Alor Lintang,22200, Besut Terengganu,Malaysia. Dear Rowan Love, I'm so pleased to see your purple coloured letter in my mailbox this morning. (You put some raspberry shaped stickers on it! It smells great! ) So,you've been asking on how to take are of orphaned kittens right? Okay,this is based on my previous experience when I found a three week year old kitten in my school,I named her Gabby. (She is all grown up! ) Basically,you need KMR (Kitten Milk Replacer) or lactose free milk,a towel,tray,litter sand a syringe or cat milk bottle and wetfood. You may use dryfood but be sure to mix it with water if the kitten is below 2 months old. If the kitten shivers,wrap the kitten,not too tight or too loose and put it in your shirt as it cannot generate it's own heat. Next,feed the kitten with KMR and wetfood. Remember,never feed the kitten wiith cow milk or lactose containing drink because cats are lactose intolerant,If you insist,the kitten may suffering diarrhea which eventually leads to death. Second,create a kitten box,Just put a tray and litter sand and two layers of towels in a very big box or a medium-sized cage. Be sure to check the kitten's stool. It should'nt be too hard,too watery or with mucus. If it is consult to the veterinar immediately as the kitten may suffering a diarrhea. Okay,here's a few handy tips. If the kitten's medication is syrup,use a syringe to give t to the kitten. If it is in a pill form,crush it inside a plastic bag and mix it with wetfood. Do not force feed unless you need to. Alright,that's all for now,I hope that answers your doubt. Refer to the net if my information is not sufficient for you. From your BFF, Syakeera.

RH Bill Essay

Introduction Poverty and overpopulation are two of the biggest national concern the Philippines have right now. Many solutions have been made to alleviate these problems but none of them seem to work. One of which is The Reproductive Health Bill of the Philippines, or RH Bill. This bill allows Filipinos access to contraceptives and an opportunity to be enlightened on the topic of family planning. The bill was first introduced in 1998 but somewhat died in the years after. Not until the year 2011 that the Congress decided to once again open its door for discussion on the RH bill. The basic condition of this bill is to introduce Filipinos and distribute to them family planning devices. It also aims for health care centers all over the country to circulate information on how to properly use them. Companies and schools are also encouraged to do the same with their employees and students. Through this, the bill intends to alleviate the problem of overpopulation in the Philippines. The bill, like any other thing in the world, is surrounded by controversies. It is actually a really good bill but a lot of people are opposing it. The number one group who opposes it is the Catholic Church. Though not entirely stated in the bill, the Church implies that the bill entails abortion, something that is greatly against the teaching and morals of the Church.

Should all federal welfare programs be abolished Research Paper

Should all federal welfare programs be abolished - Research Paper Example ain welfare programs associated with the federal government include: the Food Stamp Program, Temporary Assistance for the Needy Families, Medicaid, and Supplementary Security Income, the Earned Income Tax Credit, and Housing assistance. Other small government welfare programs include Infant and Children Welfare, Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Low Income Home Energy Assistance, and School Based Food Assistance. In 1996, welfare reforms by President Bill Clinton brought about the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA), which replaced the Aid to Families with Dependent Children Act (AFCDA). Through this Act, President Clinton aimed at reducing welfare assistance to the needy families. These programs should therefore not be abolished because they impact positively on the lives of a majority of the American citizenry. For instance, the federal welfare programs have reduced poverty levels and provided for medical welfare of the low income earning citizens. These programs should not be abolished though far reaching reforms need to be put in place to reduce the number of people in these programs. According to the United States Code, 2000 (279), the main aim of federal welfare programs is to provide assistance to the unemployed and needy citizens. Assistance includes unemployment and reemployment assistance, and emergency grants to assist seasonal farm workers and migrants. Before any reforms are made the benefits of federal welfare programs need to be evaluated. The first question we need to evaluate is why many people are running to welfare programs. If welfare programs did not help the poor, no legislation or Congress would have approved the welfare programs. The Medicaid program introduced in 1965 was to be funded by both the federal and the state governments to help improve the medical needs of the low incoming Americans who cannot afford medical cover (Northrup, 181). The federal and state Medicaid covers pregnant

Reflection Paper 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reflection Paper 4 - Essay Example In other words a face that looks open, alive with a wide smile that says â€Å"you’re welcome† (Marshall &  Jackson &  Sue 2004). Smarter look can be achieved with a pair of glasses and concentrated, meditated look with focusing on some exact object. You could also read a book or newspaper (Sherrow 2001). To look liberal it is best to know how to listen to others and give them time to freely express their thoughts and from my side it would be fair to honor other’s point of view. That is liberal. Wealth can be achieved with accessories like watch, cigarette case, shiny lighter, cool look and busy face like you’re waiting for some important meeting on the matter of serious business. All this details can be achiieved with such aspects of personal appearance as expression of the face, manner of talking, sitting, standing, walking etc. In other words anything serves the purpose and everything is important. It’s all necessary to become a more competen t communicator because people like and feel more open to talk to the successful, happy looking, spectacular or in general cool people (Rumsey & Harcourt 2005). But what is most important and it’s a simple truth is inner good because while all the outer things can be managed with right skills, inner respectful condition can only be achieved with real values because after first appearance they will continue the work which was started by the simple good